FPGC6/BCC/BDOS/lib/gfx.c

/*
* Graphics library
* Mostly Assembly code, because efficiency in both space and time
* More complex functions are written in C
* Int arguments from C are stored in order of r4, r5, r6, r7
* Return value in r2, but should be written on stack using write -4 r14 r2 (add variable in C)
*/

// uses math.c

#define GFX_WINDOW_PATTERN_ADDR 0xC01420
#define GFX_WINDOW_PALETTE_ADDR 0xC01C20
#define GFX_CURSOR_ASCII        219

word GFX_cursor = 0;

// Workaround to allow for defines in asm functions
void GFX_asmDefines()
{
    asm(
    "define GFX_PATTERN_TABLE_SIZE       = 1024      ; size of pattern table\n"
    "define GFX_PALETTE_TABLE_SIZE       = 32        ; size of palette table\n"
    "define GFX_WINDOW_TILES             = 1920      ; number of tiles in window plane\n"
    "define GFX_BG_TILES                 = 2048      ; number of tiles in bg plane\n"
    "define GFX_SPRITES                  = 64        ; number of sprites in spriteVRAM\n"
    "define DATAOFFSET_TO_VOID           = 3         ; offset to assembly data when placed in void\n"
    );
}


// Prints to screen in window plane, with color, data is accessed in words
// INPUT:
//   r4 = address of data to print
//   r5 = length of data
//   r6 = position on screen
//   r7 = palette index
void GFX_printWindowColored(word addr, word len, word pos, word palette)
{
    asm(
    "; backup registers\n"
    "push r1\n"
    "push r2\n"
    "push r3\n"
    "push r4\n"
    "push r5\n"
    "push r6\n"
    "push r7\n"
    "push r8\n"
    "push r9\n"
    );

    asm(

    "; vram address\n"
    "load32 0xC01420 r9             ; r9 = vram addr 1056+4096 0xC01420\n"

    "; loop variables\n"
    "load 0 r1                      ; r1 = loopvar\n"
    "or r9 r0 r3                    ; r3 = vram addr with offset\n"
    "or r4 r0 r2                    ; r2 = data addr with offset\n"

    "add r6 r3 r3                   ; apply offset from r6\n"

    "; copy loop\n"
    "GFX_printWindowColoredLoop:\n"
    "    read 0 r2 r8            ; read 32 bits\n"
    "    write 0 r3 r8           ; write char to vram\n"
    "    write 2048 r3 r7        ; write palette index to vram\n"
    "    add r3 1 r3             ; incr vram address\n"
    "    add r2 1 r2             ; incr data address\n"
    "    add r1 1 r1             ; incr counter\n"
    "    bge r1 r5 2             ; keep looping until all data is copied\n"
    "    jump GFX_printWindowColoredLoop\n"

    );

    asm(
    "; restore registers\n"
    "pop r9\n"
    "pop r8\n"
    "pop r7\n"
    "pop r6\n"
    "pop r5\n"
    "pop r4\n"
    "pop r3\n"
    "pop r2\n"
    "pop r1\n"
    );
}


// Prints to screen in background plane, with color, data is accessed in words
// INPUT:
//   r4 = address of data to print
//   r5 = length of data
//   r6 = position on screen
//   r7 = palette index
void GFX_printBGColored(word addr, word len, word pos, word palette)
{
    asm(
    "; backup registers\n"
    "push r1\n"
    "push r2\n"
    "push r3\n"
    "push r4\n"
    "push r5\n"
    "push r6\n"
    "push r7\n"
    "push r8\n"
    "push r9\n"
    );

    asm(

    "; vram address\n"
    "load32 0xC00420 r9             ; r9 = vram addr 1056 0xC00420\n"

    "; loop variables\n"
    "load 0 r1                      ; r1 = loopvar\n"
    "or r9 r0 r3                    ; r3 = vram addr with offset\n"
    "or r4 r0 r2                    ; r2 = data addr with offset\n"

    "add r6 r3 r3                   ; apply offset from r6\n"

    "; copy loop\n"
    "GFX_printBGColoredLoop:\n"
    "    read 0 r2 r8            ; read 32 bits\n"
    "    write 0 r3 r8           ; write char to vram\n"
    "    write 2048 r3 r7        ; write palette index to vram\n"
    "    add r3 1 r3             ; incr vram address\n"
    "    add r2 1 r2             ; incr data address\n"
    "    add r1 1 r1             ; incr counter\n"
    "    bge r1 r5 2             ; keep looping until all data is copied\n"
    "    jump GFX_printBGColoredLoop\n"

    );

    asm(
    "; restore registers\n"
    "pop r9\n"
    "pop r8\n"
    "pop r7\n"
    "pop r6\n"
    "pop r5\n"
    "pop r4\n"
    "pop r3\n"
    "pop r2\n"
    "pop r1\n"
    );
}


// Loads entire pattern table
// INPUT:
//   r4 = address of pattern table to copy
void GFX_copyPatternTable(word addr)
{
    asm(
    "; backup registers\n"
    "push r1\n"
    "push r2\n"
    "push r3\n"
    "push r4\n"
    "push r5\n"
    "push r6\n"
    "push r7\n"

    "; vram address\n"
    "load32 0xC00000 r2              ; r2 = vram addr 0 0xC00000\n"

    "; loop variables\n"
    "load 0 r3                       ; r3 = loopvar\n"
    "load GFX_PATTERN_TABLE_SIZE r5  ; r5 = loopmax\n"
    "or r2 r0 r1                     ; r1 = vram addr with offset\n"
    "add r4 DATAOFFSET_TO_VOID r6    ; r6 = ascii addr with offset\n"

    "; copy loop\n"
    "GFX_initPatternTableLoop:\n"
    "    read 0 r6 r7            ; copy ascii to vram\n"
    "    write 0 r1 r7 ;\n"
    "    add r1 1 r1             ; incr vram address\n"
    "    add r6 1 r6             ; incr ascii address\n"
    "    add r3 1 r3             ; incr counter\n"
    "    beq r3 r5 2             ; keep looping until all data is copied\n"
    "    jump GFX_initPatternTableLoop\n"

    "; restore registers\n"
    "pop r7\n"
    "pop r6\n"
    "pop r5\n"
    "pop r4\n"
    "pop r3\n"
    "pop r2\n"
    "pop r1\n"
    );
}



// Loads entire palette table
// INPUT:
//   r4 = address of palette table to copy
void GFX_copyPaletteTable(word addr)
{
    asm(
    "; backup registers\n"
    "push r1\n"
    "push r2\n"
    "push r3\n"
    "push r4\n"
    "push r5\n"
    "push r6\n"
    "push r7\n"

    "; vram address\n"
    "load32 0xC00400 r2              ; r2 = vram addr 1024 0xC00400\n"

    "; loop variables\n"
    "load 0 r3                       ; r3 = loopvar\n"
    "load GFX_PALETTE_TABLE_SIZE r5  ; r5 = loopmax\n"
    "or r2 r0 r1                     ; r1 = vram addr with offset\n"
    "add r4 DATAOFFSET_TO_VOID r6    ; r6 = palette addr with offset\n"

    "; copy loop\n"
    "GFX_initPaletteTableLoop:\n"
    "    read 0 r6 r7            ; copy ascii to vram\n"
    "    write 0 r1 r7 ;\n"
    "    add r1 1 r1             ; incr vram address\n"
    "    add r6 1 r6             ; incr palette address\n"
    "    add r3 1 r3             ; incr counter\n"
    "    beq r3 r5 2             ; keep looping until all data is copied\n"
    "    jump GFX_initPaletteTableLoop\n"

    "; restore registers\n"
    "pop r7\n"
    "pop r6\n"
    "pop r5\n"
    "pop r4\n"
    "pop r3\n"
    "pop r2\n"
    "pop r1\n"
    );
}


// Clear BG tile table
void GFX_clearBGtileTable()
{
    asm(
    "; backup registers\n"
    "push r1\n"
    "push r2\n"
    "push r3\n"
    "push r4\n"
    "push r5\n"

    "; vram address\n"
    "load32 0xC00420 r1          ; r1 = vram addr 1056 0xC00420\n"

    "; loop variables\n"
    "load 0 r3                   ; r3 = loopvar\n"
    "load GFX_BG_TILES r4        ; r4 = loopmax\n"
    "or r1 r0 r5                 ; r5 = vram addr with offset\n"

    "; copy loop\n"
    "GFX_clearBGtileTableLoop:\n"
    "    write 0 r5 r0           ; clear tile\n"
    "    add r5 1 r5             ; incr vram address\n"
    "    add r3 1 r3             ; incr counter\n"
    "    beq r3 r4 2             ; keep looping until all tiles are cleared\n"
    "    jump GFX_clearBGtileTableLoop\n"

    "; restore registers\n"
    "pop r5\n"
    "pop r4\n"
    "pop r3\n"
    "pop r2\n"
    "pop r1\n"
    );
}


// Clear BG palette table
void GFX_clearBGpaletteTable()
{
    asm(
    "; backup registers\n"
    "push r1\n"
    "push r2\n"
    "push r3\n"
    "push r4\n"
    "push r5\n"

    "; vram address\n"
    "load32 0xC00C20 r1          ; r1 = vram addr 1056+2048 0xC00C20\n"

    "; loop variables\n"
    "load 0 r3                   ; r3 = loopvar\n"
    "load GFX_BG_TILES r4        ; r4 = loopmax\n"
    "or r1 r0 r5                 ; r5 = vram addr with offset\n"

    "; copy loop\n"
    "GFX_clearBGpaletteTableLoop:\n"
    "    write 0 r5 r0           ; clear tile\n"
    "    add r5 1 r5             ; incr vram address\n"
    "    add r3 1 r3             ; incr counter\n"
    "    beq r3 r4 2             ; keep looping until all tiles are cleared\n"
    "    jump GFX_clearBGpaletteTableLoop\n"

    "; restore registers\n"
    "pop r5\n"
    "pop r4\n"
    "pop r3\n"
    "pop r2\n"
    "pop r1\n"
    );
}


// Clear Window tile table
void GFX_clearWindowtileTable()
{
    asm(
    "; backup registers\n"
    "push r1\n"
    "push r2\n"
    "push r3\n"
    "push r4\n"
    "push r5\n"

    "; vram address\n"
    "load32 0xC01420 r1          ; r1 = vram addr 1056+2048 0xC01420\n"

    "; loop variables\n"
    "load 0 r3                   ; r3 = loopvar\n"
    "load GFX_WINDOW_TILES r4    ; r4 = loopmax\n"
    "or r1 r0 r5                 ; r5 = vram addr with offset\n"

    "; copy loop\n"
    "GFX_clearWindowtileTableLoop:\n"
    "    write 0 r5 r0           ; clear tile\n"
    "    add r5 1 r5             ; incr vram address\n"
    "    add r3 1 r3             ; incr counter\n"
    "    beq r3 r4 2             ; keep looping until all tiles are cleared\n"
    "    jump GFX_clearWindowtileTableLoop\n"

    "; restore registers\n"
    "pop r5\n"
    "pop r4\n"
    "pop r3\n"
    "pop r2\n"
    "pop r1\n"
    );
}


// Clear Window palette table
void GFX_clearWindowpaletteTable()
{
    asm(
    "; backup registers\n"
    "push r1\n"
    "push r2\n"
    "push r3\n"
    "push r4\n"
    "push r5\n"

    "; vram address\n"
    "load32 0xC01C20 r1          ; r1 = vram addr 1056+2048 0xC01C20\n"

    "; loop variables\n"
    "load 0 r3                   ; r3 = loopvar\n"
    "load GFX_WINDOW_TILES r4    ; r4 = loopmax\n"
    "or r1 r0 r5                 ; r5 = vram addr with offset\n"

    "; copy loop\n"
    "GFX_clearWindowpaletteTableLoop:\n"
    "    write 0 r5 r0           ; clear tile\n"
    "    add r5 1 r5             ; incr vram address\n"
    "    add r3 1 r3             ; incr counter\n"
    "    beq r3 r4 2             ; keep looping until all tiles are cleared\n"
    "    jump GFX_clearWindowpaletteTableLoop\n"

    "; restore registers\n"
    "pop r5\n"
    "pop r4\n"
    "pop r3\n"
    "pop r2\n"
    "pop r1\n"
    );
}


// Clear Sprites
void GFX_clearSprites()
{
    asm(
    "; backup registers\n"
    "push r1\n"
    "push r2\n"
    "push r3\n"
    "push r4\n"
    "push r5\n"

    "; vram address\n"
    "load32 0xC02422 r1          ; r1 = vram addr 0xC02422\n"

    "; loop variables\n"
    "load 0 r3                   ; r3 = loopvar\n"
    "load GFX_SPRITES r4         ; r4 = loopmax\n"
    "or r1 r0 r5                 ; r5 = vram addr with offset\n"

    "; copy loop\n"
    "GFX_clearSpritesLoop:\n"
    "    write 0 r5 r0           ; clear x\n"
    "    write 1 r5 r0           ; clear y\n"
    "    write 2 r5 r0           ; clear tile\n"
    "    write 3 r5 r0           ; clear color+attrib\n"
    "    add r5 4 r5             ; incr vram address by 4\n"
    "    add r3 1 r3             ; incr counter\n"
    "    beq r3 r4 2             ; keep looping until all tiles are cleared\n"
    "    jump GFX_clearSpritesLoop\n"

    "; restore registers\n"
    "pop r5\n"
    "pop r4\n"
    "pop r3\n"
    "pop r2\n"
    "pop r1\n"
    );
}


// Clear parameters
void GFX_clearParameters()
{
    asm(
    "; backup registers\n"
    "push r1\n"

    "; vram address\n"
    "load32 0xC02420 r1      ; r1 = vram addr 0xC02420\n"

    "write 0 r1 r0           ; clear tile scroll\n"
    "write 1 r1 r0           ; clear fine scroll\n"

    "; restore registers\n"
    "pop r1\n"
    );
}


// clears and initializes VRAM (excluding pattern and palette data table)
void GFX_initVram() 
{
    GFX_asmDefines(); // workaround to prevent deletion of function by optimizer
    GFX_clearBGtileTable();
    GFX_clearBGpaletteTable();
    GFX_clearWindowtileTable();
    GFX_clearWindowpaletteTable();
    GFX_clearSprites();
    GFX_clearParameters();
}


// convert x and y to position for window table
word GFX_WindowPosFromXY(word x, word y)
{
    return y*40 + x;
}

// convert x and y to position for background table
word GFX_BackgroundPosFromXY(word x, word y)
{
    return y*64 + x;
}


// scrolls up screen, clearing last line
void GFX_ScrollUp()
{

    asm(
    "; backup registers\n"
    "push r1\n"
    "push r2\n"
    "push r3\n"
    "push r4\n"

    "; GFX_WINDOW_PATTERN_ADDR address\n"
    "load32 0xC01420 r1      ; r1 = window pattern addr 0xC01420\n"

    "load32 0 r2 ; r2 = loopvar\n"
    "load32 960 r3 ; r3 = loopmax\n"

    "GFX_scrollUpLoop:\n"
    "    read 40 r1 r4           ; read r1+40 to tmp r4\n"
    "    write 0 r1 r4           ; write tmp r4 to r1\n"
    "    add r1 1 r1             ; incr addr r1\n"
    "    add r2 1 r2             ; incr loopvar r2\n"
    "    beq r2 r3 2             ; keep looping for r3 times\n"
    "    jump GFX_scrollUpLoop\n"

    "load32 0 r2 ; r2 = loopvar\n"
    "load32 40 r3 ; r3 = loopmax\n"

    "GFX_clearLastLineLoop:\n"
    "    write 0 r1 r0           ; clear at r1\n"
    "    add r1 1 r1             ; incr addr r1\n"
    "    add r2 1 r2             ; incr loopvar r2\n"
    "    beq r2 r3 2             ; keep looping for r3 times\n"
    "    jump GFX_clearLastLineLoop\n"

    "; restore registers\n"
    "pop r4\n"
    "pop r3\n"
    "pop r2\n"
    "pop r1\n"
    );

}


// Prints cursor character at cursor
void GFX_printCursor()
{
    // print character at cursor
    word *v = (word *) GFX_WINDOW_PATTERN_ADDR;
    *(v+GFX_cursor) = GFX_CURSOR_ASCII;
}


// Prints character to console
// Handles scrolling, newline and backspace
// Uses cursor from memory
// TODO: could convert this to assembly for speed
void GFX_PrintcConsole(char c)
{
    // if newline
    if (c == 0xa)
    {
        // remove current cursor
        word *v = (word *) GFX_WINDOW_PATTERN_ADDR;
        *(v+GFX_cursor) = 0;

        // get next line number
        word nl = MATH_divU(GFX_cursor, 40) + 1;
        // multiply by 40 to get the correct line
        GFX_cursor = nl * 40;
    }

    // if backspace
    else if (c == 0x8)
    {
        // NOTE: by commenting this out it now is allowed to backspace to the previous line
        //  This is done since the shell checks for valid backspaces now,
        //    so we can remove multiline arguments

        // if we are not at the start of a line
        //if (MATH_mod(GFX_cursor, 40) != 0)

        // if we are not at the first character
        if ((unsigned int) GFX_cursor > 0)
        {
            // set current and previous character to 0
            word *v = (word *) GFX_WINDOW_PATTERN_ADDR;
            *(v+GFX_cursor) = 0;
            *(v+GFX_cursor-1) = 0;
            // decrement cursor
            GFX_cursor--;
        }
    }

    // if\r
    else if (c == '\r')
    {
        // ignore
    }

    // else (character)
    else
    {
        // print character at cursor
        word *v = (word *) GFX_WINDOW_PATTERN_ADDR;
        *(v+GFX_cursor) = (word) c;
        // increment cursor
        GFX_cursor++;
    }


    // if we went offscreen, scroll screen up and set cursor to last line
    if ((unsigned int) GFX_cursor >= 1000)
    {
        GFX_ScrollUp();
        // set cursor to 960
        GFX_cursor = 960;
    }

    // add cursor at end
    GFX_printCursor();
}


// Prints string on console untill terminator
// Does not add newline at end
// TODO: could convert this to assembly for speed
void GFX_PrintConsole(char* str)
{
    char chr = *str;            // first character of str

    while (chr != 0)            // continue until null value
    {
        GFX_PrintcConsole((word)chr);
        str++;                  // go to next character address
        chr = *str;             // get character from address
    }
}

void GFX_PrintDecConsole(word i)
{
    char buffer[20];
    itoa(i, buffer);
    GFX_PrintConsole(buffer);
}

// Just for funny memory dumping
void GFX_DumpcConsole(char c)
{
    // print character at cursor
    word *v = (word *) GFX_WINDOW_PATTERN_ADDR;
    *(v+GFX_cursor) = (word) c;
    // increment cursor
    GFX_cursor++;


    // if we went offscreen, scroll screen up and set cursor to last line
    if ((unsigned int) GFX_cursor >= 1000)
    {
        GFX_ScrollUp();
        // set cursor to 960
        GFX_cursor = 960;
    }

    // add cursor at end
    //GFX_printCursor();
}